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drogy-info.cz / Novinky odjinud / Science: Current Issue
Science: Current Issue
[News Focus] American Association of Physical Anthropologists: Older Dads Have Healthier Kids Than You Think
New data presented at the meeting suggest that children of older fathers and grandfathers may inherit longer telomeres, structures at the tips of chromosomes that may protect against aging and disease.Author: Ann Gibbons
[News Focus] American Association of Physical Anthropologists: How the Modern Body Shaped Up
A remarkably comprehensive analysis of more than 2000 European skeletons presented at the meeting reveals how cultural changes have altered our physiques.Author: Ann Gibbons
[News Focus] American Association of Physical Anthropologists: For Early Hominins in Africa, Many Ways To Take a Walk
Several new studies of incredibly rare fossils of feet and partial skeletons reported at the meeting reveal the complexity of early bipedalism.
[News Focus] Genome Sequencing: Going Solid-State
The first nanopore sequencers will depend on protein pores, but many in the field envision replacing these biological channels with solid-state ones.Author: Elizabeth Pennisi
[News Focus] Genome Sequencing: Search for Pore-fection
At long last, nanopore sequencing seems poised to leave the lab, promising a new and better way to decode DNA.Author: Elizabeth Pennisi
[News & Analysis] Development: First Spinoff of African Math Institute Takes Root in Senegal
The African Institute for Mathematical Sciences Senegal is part of a story that has captivated mathematicians and triggered an outpouring of support in money, time, and brainpower.Author: Martin Enserink
[News & Analysis] Archaeology: New Light on Revolutions That Weren't
At a meeting last month, researchers heard new evidence that human evolution took a gradual, rather than revolutionary, course during two key junctures in prehistory.Author: Michael Balter
[News & Analysis] Influenza: One H5N1 Paper Finally Goes to Press; Second Greenlighted
One of two controversial studies that shows how to make H5N1 avian influenza more transmissible in mammals is now up on Nature's Web site for all the world to scrutinize.Authors: Martin Enserink, Jon Cohen
[News of the Week] Newsmakers
This week's Newsmakers are Steven Koonin, who has been named director of New York University's new Center for Urban Science and Progress, and William Foege, a leader of the global campaign that wiped out smallpox, who has been named a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
[News & Analysis] Particle Physics: Budget Cap Could Gut Next Big Fermilab Project
The affordable options for the first stage of the Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment would severely limit its scientific potential and could leave it only marginally more capable than an existing Fermilab experiment.Author: Adrian Cho
[News of the Week] Random Sample
The Disney film Chimpanzee tells a scientifically accurate story about an orphan chimp that was adopted by one of his troop's males—in fact, "the main plot was decided by the chimps," says primatologist Christophe Boesch of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. A noted Maya epigrapher sees the cottage industry in Maya 2012 predictions as a "once-in-a-lifetime opportunity" to inform people about the true role time played in the Maya's lives. And this week's numbers quantify the percentage of pediatric drug trials and the number of Chinese family names.
[News of the Week] Around the World
In science news around the world this week, three crested ibis chicks became the first of their species born in the wild in Japan in 36 years; Congress is giving some research programs more money in 2013 than the White House had requested; the Abrolhos Shelf of Brazil was found to have the world's largest expanse of rhodoliths, a spherical type of coralline algae; and Japan's deep-sea drilling vessel Chikyu has set the record for the deepest undersea research borehole.
[Editorial] Empowering Science Teachers
Authors: Sheila Tobias, Anne Baffert
Findings
Wind Farms Warm the Night | Plants More Sensitive to Global Warming Than Tests Suggest
Editors' Choice
Astrophysics: Planetary Confinement | Molecular Biology: Prions: A New Part to Play | Chemistry: Making Methanol | Genetics: Isoform Identification | Biomedicine: Aiming Even Lower | Entomology: A Toast to Fruitfly Health | Ecology: Fluctuating Forests
This Week in Science
Hooking Up in Water Striders | Giant Spin Hall | Uneven Gap | Not So Fast | Magnetic Reconnection | Going to Ground | Martian Veins | Small But Perfectly Formed | Not Broken Until Repaired | Blood Pressure Gauge | Gene Expression by Remote Control | No Regrets | Give It Time | Metabolic Networking | Blooming Succession
[Business Office Feature] CUSTOM PUBLISHING OFFICE SPONSORED SUPPLEMENT: Regenerative Medicine in China
[Podcast] Science Podcast
The show includes synchronizing optical clocks, the spread of Neolithic farming in Europe, a measles resurgence, and more.
New Products
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.
[Report] Analytic Thinking Promotes Religious Disbelief
A dual-process theory posits a competition between analytical thought and religious belief.Authors: Will M. Gervais, Ara Norenzayan
[Report] Microbial Exposure During Early Life Has Persistent Effects on Natural Killer T Cell Function
Early exposure of germ-free mice to microbes keeps later inflammation in check by modulating immune cells.Authors: Torsten Olszak, Dingding An, Sebastian Zeissig, Miguel Pinilla Vera, Julia Richter, Andre Franke, Jonathan N. Glickman, Reiner Siebert, Rebecca M. Baron, Dennis L. Kasper, Richard S. Blumberg
[Report] GBP5 Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome Assembly and Immunity in Mammals
A human protein activates the assembly of a cellular complex that detects signs of infection.Authors: Avinash R. Shenoy, David A. Wellington, Pradeep Kumar, Hilina Kassa, Carmen J. Booth, Peter Cresswell, John D. MacMicking
[Report] The Inhibitory Receptor PD-1 Regulates IgA Selection and Bacterial Composition in the Gut
An inhibitory receptor is important for gut microflora containment by immunoglobulin A.Authors: Shimpei Kawamoto, Thinh H. Tran, Mikako Maruya, Keiichiro Suzuki, Yasuko Doi, Yumi Tsutsui, Lucia M. Kato, Sidonia Fagarasan
[Report] GSK3-TIP60-ULK1 Signaling Pathway Links Growth Factor Deprivation to Autophagy
A signaling pathway is involved in cellular responses to serum starvation but not glucose starvation.Authors: Shu-Yong Lin, Terytty Yang Li, Qing Liu, Cixiong Zhang, Xiaotong Li, Yan Chen, Shi-Meng Zhang, Guili Lian, Qi Liu, Ka Ruan, Zhen Wang, Chen-Song Zhang, Kun-Yi Chien, Jiawei Wu, Qinxi Li, Jiahuai Han, Sheng-Cai Lin
[Report] Function and Molecular Mechanism of Acetylation in Autophagy Regulation
The acetyltransferase TIP60 functions specifically to promote autophagy in cells deprived of growth factors.Authors: Cong Yi, Meisheng Ma, Leili Ran, Jingxiang Zheng, Jingjing Tong, Jing Zhu, Chengying Ma, Yufen Sun, Shaojin Zhang, Wenzhi Feng, Liyuan Zhu, Yan Le, Xingqi Gong, Xianghua Yan, Bing Hong, Fen-Jun Jiang, Zhiping Xie, Di Miao, Haiteng Deng, Li Yu
[Report] Origins and Genetic Legacy of Neolithic Farmers and Hunter-Gatherers in Europe
Genomic analysis of ancient Scandinavians reveals that agricultural expansion was driven by long-range population movement.Authors: Pontus Skoglund, Helena Malmström, Maanasa Raghavan, Jan Storå, Per Hall, Eske Willerslev, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Anders Götherström, Mattias Jakobsson
[Report] Endogenous Protein S-Nitrosylation in E. coli: Regulation by OxyR
Bacteria adapting to growth in the presence of nitrate activate a transcriptional regulator also involved in oxidative stress.Authors: Divya Seth, Alfred Hausladen, Ya-Juan Wang, Jonathan S. Stamler
[Report] In Situ Evolutionary Rate Measurements Show Ecological Success of Recently Emerged Bacterial Hybrids
The likely substitution rate per nucleotide per generation was estimated for a free-living microbial population.Authors: Vincent J. Denef, Jillian F. Banfield
[Report] An Early-Branching Microbialite Cyanobacterium Forms Intracellular Carbonates
Certain cyanobacteria precipitate carbonate internally, in a previously unappreciated biomineralization pathway.Authors: Estelle Couradeau, Karim Benzerara, Emmanuelle Gérard, David Moreira, Sylvain Bernard, Gordon E. Brown Jr., Purificación López-García
[Report] Ocean Salinities Reveal Strong Global Water Cycle Intensification During 1950 to 2000
Global sea surface salinity changes show that the water cycle has sped up markedly in the past 50 years.Authors: Paul J. Durack, Susan E. Wijffels, Richard J. Matear
[Report] Organic Synthesis via Irradiation and Warming of Ice Grains in the Solar Nebula
A mechanism for production of carbon compounds in the interstellar medium could also operate in protoplanetary disks.Authors: Fred J. Ciesla, Scott A. Sandford
[Report] Coils and Polygonal Crust in the Athabasca Valles Region, Mars, as Evidence for a Volcanic History
High-resolution images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter show that the Athabasca Valles on Mars is volcanic in origin.Authors: Andrew J. Ryan, Philip R. Christensen
[Report] Revealing the Angular Symmetry of Chemical Bonds by Atomic Force Microscopy
The angular dependence of chemical bonding forces was determined for carbon monoxide adsorbed on a copper surface atom.Authors: Joachim Welker, Franz J. Giessibl
[Report] A 920-Kilometer Optical Fiber Link for Frequency Metrology at the 19th Decimal Place
A long-distance fiber network is used to synchronize two optical clocks with high precision.Authors: K. Predehl, G. Grosche, S. M. F. Raupach, S. Droste, O. Terra, J. Alnis, Th. Legero, T. W. Hänsch, Th. Udem, R. Holzwarth, H. Schnatz
[Review] Multiblock Polymers: Panacea or Pandora’s Box?
Authors: Frank S. Bates, Marc A. Hillmyer, Timothy P. Lodge, Christopher M. Bates, Kris T. Delaney, Glenn H. Fredrickson
[Essay] IBI* Series Winner: Engaging Undergraduates in Global Health Technology Innovation
“Appropriate Design for Global Health,” the IBI Prize–winning module, primes students to respond to global health challenges with novel technological solutions.Authors: Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Lauren Vestewig Gray, Maria Oden
[Perspective] Molecular Biology: Reprogramming the Genetic Code
Incorporating unnatural amino acids into proteins presents challenges in expanding the genetic code.Author: Jason W. Chin
[Perspective] Geochemistry: A Hard Life for Cyanobacteria
The discovery of calcification inside present-day cyanobacteria raises questions about their geologic record.Author: Robert Riding
[Perspective] Astronomy: Complex Protostellar Chemistry
Numerical models show that protoplanetary nebulae are sites of chemical activity even in the cold outer disk.Authors: Joseph A. Nuth III, Natasha M. Johnson